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| International Space Station (ISS) The first proposal for a manned station occurred in 1869, when an American novelist told the story of how a "Brick Moon" came to orbit Earth to help ships navigate at sea. In 1923, Romanian Hermann Oberth was the first to use the term "space station" to describe a wheel-like facility that would serve as the jumping off place for human journeys to the moon and Mars. In 1952, Dr. Werner von Braun published his concept of a space station in Collier's magazine. He envisioned a space station that would have a diameter of 250 feet, orbit more than 1,000 miles above the Earth, and spin to provide artificial gravity through centrifugal force.
The Soviet Union launched the world's first space station, Salyut 1, in 1971 - a decade after launching the first human into space. The United States sent its first space station, the larger Skylab, into orbit in 1973 and it hosted three crews before it was abandoned in 1974. Russia continued to focus on long-duration space missions and in 1986 launched the first modules of the Mir space station.
In 1998, the first two modules of the International Space Station were launched and joined together in orbit. Other modules soon followed and the first crew arrived in 2000. Visit our spacestore for NASA collectables, Space Shuttle Mission Insignia and much more. Everything from NASA mission patches to photos, decals, lapel pins, postcards and more. | ISS Expedition 1 | | ISS Expedition 1 - Mission Overview 
Vehicle: Russian Soyuz Rocket
International Space Station Flight 2R
Launch Pad: Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan
Launch: Oct. 31, 2000
Docking: Nov. 2, 2000
Undocking: March 18, 2001
STS-102
Increment Duration: 136 days, 17 hours, 9 minutes
Landing: March 21, 2001
ISS Flight 5A.1
Image above: Expedition 1 crew: From the left are Flight Engineer Sergei Krikalev, Expedition One Commander Bill Shepherd and Soyuz Commander Yuri Gidzenko. Photo Credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 2 | ISS Expedition 2 - Mission Overview 
Vehicle: Space Shuttle Discovery
International Space Station Flight 5A.1
Launch Pad: 39B
Launch: March 8, 2001
Docking: March 10, 2001
Undocking: Aug. 20, 2001
STS-105
Increment Duration: 147 days, 16 hours, 43 minutes
Landing: Aug. 22, 2001
ISS Assembly Flight 7A.1
Image above: Expedition 2 crew: From the left are Flight Engineer James Voss, Commander Yury Usachev and Flight Engineer Susan Helms. Photo credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 3 | ISS Expedition 3 - Mission Overview 
Vehicle: Space Shuttle Discovery
International Space Station Flight 7A.1
Launch Pad: 39A
EVAs: 4
Launch: Aug. 10, 2001
Docking: Aug. 12, 2001
Undocking: Dec. 15, 2001
STS-108
Increment Duration: 117 days, 02 hours, 56 minutes
Landing: Dec. 17, 2001
ISS Assembly Flight UF-1
Image above: Expedition 3 crew: Astronaut Frank L. Culbertson, Jr. (center), commander, is flanked by Cosmonauts Mikhail Tyurin (left), flight engineer, and Vladimir Dezhurov, Soyuz commander, representing Rosaviakosmos. Photo credit: NASA. | ISS Expedition 4 | ISS Expedition 4 - Mission Overview
Vehicle: Space Shuttle Endeavour
International Space Station Flight UF-1
Launch Pad: 39B
EVAs: 3
Launch: Dec. 5, 2001
Docking: Dec. 7, 2001
Undocking: June 15, 2002
STS-111
Increment Duration: 181 days, 0 hours, 44 minutes
Landing: June 19, 2002
ISS Assembly Flight UF-2
Expedition 4 Commander Yury I. Onufrienko (standing at center), flanked by Flight Engineers Daniel W. Bursch (left) and Carl E. Walz. Photo credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 5 | ISS Expedition 5 - Mission Overview 
Vehicle: Space Shuttle Endeavour
International Space Station Flight UF-2
Launch Pad: 39A
EVAs: 2
Launch: June 5, 2002
Docking: June 7, 2002
Undocking: Dec. 2, 2002
STS-113
Increment Duration: 171 days, 3 hours, 33 minutes
Landing: Dec. 7, 2002
ISS Flight 11A
Image above: Expedition Five Commander Valery Korzun, left, and Flight Engineers Peggy Whitson and Sergei Treschev. Photo credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 6 | ISS Expedition 6 - Mission Overview 
Vehicle: Space Shuttle Endeavour
ISS Assembly Flight 11A
LaunchPad: 39A
EVAs: 2
Launch: Nov. 23, 2002
Docking: Nov. 25, 2002
Undocking: May 3, 2003
Landing: May 3, 2003
Soyuz TMA-1
Image above: Expedition Six Commander Kenneth Bowersox, center, is flanked by Flight Engineers Donald Pettit, left, and Nikolai Budarin. Photo credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 7 | ISS Expedition 7 - Mission Overview 
Mission: Expedition 7/Soyuz 6
Vehicle: Soyuz TMA-2
Launch Pad: Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan
EVAs: N/A
Launch: April 25, 2003, 10:54 p.m. CDT
Docking: April 28, 2003, 12:56 a.m. CDT
Undocking: Oct. 27, 2003, 5:17 p.m. CST
Landing: Oct. 27, 2003, 8:41 p.m. CST
Image above: Expedition 7 Commander Yuri Malenchenko and Flight Engineer Ed Lu. Photo Credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 8 | ISS Expedition 8 - Mission Overview 
Mission: Expedition 8 /Soyuz 7
Vehicle: Soyuz TMA-3
Launch Pad: Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan
EVAs: 1
Launch: Oct. 18, 2003, 12:38 a.m. CDT
Docking: Oct. 20, 2003, 2:16 a.m. CDT
Undocking: April 29, 2004, 3:52 p.m. CDT
Landing: April 29, 2004, 7:12 p.m. CDT
Image above: Expedition 8 Flight Engineer Alexander Kaleri, left, and Commander Michael Foale. Photo Credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 9 | ISS Expedition 9 - Mission Overview 
Mission: Expedition 9/Soyuz 8
Vehicle: Soyuz TMA-4
Launch Pad: Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan
EVAs: 4
Launch: April 18, 2004, 10:19 p.m. CDT
Docking: April 21, 2004, 12:01 a.m. CDT
Undocking: Oct. 23, 2004, 4:08 p.m. CDT
Landing: Oct. 23, 2004, 7:36 p.m. CDT
Image above: Expedition 9 Flight Engineer Mike Fincke, left, and Commander Gennady Padalka. Photo Credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 10 | ISS Expedition 10 - Mission Overview 
Mission: Expedition 10/Soyuz 9
Vehicle: Soyuz TMA-5
Launch Pad: Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan
EVAs: 2
Launch: Oct. 13, 2004, 10:06 p.m. CDT
Docking: Oct. 15, 2004, 11:16 p.m. CDT
Undocking: April 24, 2005
Landing: April 24, 2005
Image above: Expedition 10 Commander Leroy Chiao, left, and Flight Engineer Salizhan Sharipov. Photo Credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 11 | ISS Expedition 11 - Mission Overeview 
Launch Vehicle: ISS Soyuz 10 (TMA-6)
Launch: April 14, 2005, 8:46 p.m. EDT
Docking: April 16, 2005, 10:19 p.m. EDT
Spacewalks: Aug. 18, 2005
Undocking: Oct. 10, 2005, 5:49 p.m. EDT
Landing: Oct. 10, 2005, 9:09 p.m. EDT
Time in orbit: 179 days, 23 minutes 
Image above: Expedition 11 crew, from left, Commander Sergei Krikalev and NASA ISS Science Officer and Flight Engineer John Phillips. Photo Credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 12 | ISS Expedition 12 - Mission Overview 
Launch Vehicle: ISS Soyuz 11 (TMA-7)
Launch: Sept. 30, 2005, 11:55 p.m. EDT
Docking: Oct. 3, 2005, 1:27 a.m. EDT
Spacewalks: Nov. 7, 2005, Feb. 3, 2006
Undocking: April 8, 2006, 3:28 p.m. EDT
Landing: April 8, 2006, 7:48 p.m. EDT
Time in orbit: 189 days, 19 hours and 53 minutes 
Image above: From left are Expedition 12 Commander William McArthur and Expedition 12 Flight Engineer Valery Tokarev. Photo Credit: NASA | ISS Expedition 13 | ISS Expedition 13 - Mission Overview  ]
Launch Vehicle: ISS Soyuz 12 (TMA-8)
Launch: March 29, 2006, 9:30 p.m. EST
Docking: March 31, 2006, 11:19 p.m. EST
Spacewalks: June 1-2, 2006, August 3, 2006
Undocking: Sept. 28, 2006, 5:53 p.m. EDT
Landing: Sept. 28, 2006, 9:13 p.m. EDT
Time in orbit: 182 days, 23 hours and 44 minutes 
Image above: From left are Expedition 13 Flight Engineer and European Space Agency Astronaut Thomas Reiter, Commander Pavel Vinogradov and Flight Engineer and NASA Science Officer Jeffrey Williams. Reiter joined the Expedition 14 crew on Sept. 20, 2006. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. | ISS Expedition 14 | ISS Expedition 14 - Mission Overview 
Launch Vehicle: ISS Soyuz 13 (TMA-9)
Launch: Sept. 18, 2006, 12:09 a.m. EDT
Docking: Sept. 20, 2006, 1:24 a.m. EDT
Spacewalks: Nov. 22, 2006, Jan. 31, 2007, Feb. 4, 2007, Feb. 8, 2007, Feb. 22, 2007
Landing: April 21, 2007
Time in orbit: 215 days, 8 hours and 23 minutes 
Image above: The Expedition 14 crew members from left to right are Flight Engineer Sunita Williams, Commander Michael Lopez-Alegria and Flight Engineer Mikhail Tyurin. Photo credit: NASA. | ISS Expedition 15 | ISS Expedition 15 - Mission Overview 
Launch Vehicle: ISS Soyuz 14 (TMA-10)
Launch: April 7, 2007 1:31 p.m. EDT
Docking: April 9, 2007 3:10 p.m. EDT
Spacewalks: May 30, 2007, June 6, 2007
Landing: October 2007 
Image above: Expedition 15 Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin (center), Flight Engineer Oleg Kotov (right) and Flight Engineer Clayton Anderson. Photo credit: NASA. | ISS Expedition 16 | | ISS Expedition 16 
Launch Vehicle: ISS Soyuz 15 (TMA-11)
Launch: October 10, 2007 9:22 a.m. EDT
Docking: October 12, 2007 10:50 a.m. EDT
Spacewalks: Nov. 9, 2007 ;Nov. 20, 2007;Nov. 24, 2007;Dec. 18, 2007;Jan. 30, 2008
Landing: April 19, 2008
Time in orbit : 192 days
Image above: The Expedition 16 crew members pose for a portrait at the Johnson Space Center. From the left (front row) are Russia's Federal Space Agency cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko, flight engineer and Soyuz commander; astronaut Peggy Whitson, commander; and Malaysian spaceflight participant Sheikh Muzhaphar Shukor. From the left (back row) are European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Léopold Eyharts, astronaut Garrett Reisman and astronaut Dan Tani, all flight engineers. Photo credit: NASA. | ISS Expedition 17 | ISS Expedition 17  Launch Vehicle:
Soyuz TMA-12
Launch:
April 8, 2008
7:16 a.m. EDT
Docking:
April 10, 2008
8:57 a.m. EDT
Spacewalking:
July 10, 2008 July 15, 2008
Landing:
Oct. 23, 2008
11:37 p.m. EDT
Time in Orbit:
199 days
| | ISS Expedition 18 | | ISS Expedition 18 
Launch Vehicle:
Soyuz TMA-13
Launch:
Oct. 12, 2008
3:01 a.m. EDT Docking:
Oct. 14, 2008
Landing:
April 5, 2009 
Expedition 18 crewmembers take a break from training at NASA's Johnson Space Center to pose for a group portrait. From the left (front row) are NASA astronaut Michael Fincke and Russian Federal Space Agency cosmonaut Yury Lonchakov, commander and flight engineer, respectively. From the left (back row) are Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Koichi Wakata, NASA astronauts Sandra Magnus and Greg Chamitoff, all flight engineers. Chamitoff will launch to the International Space Station (ISS) on the STS-124 mission, joining Expedition 17 in progress and will provide Expedition 18 with an experienced flight engineer for the first part of its increment. Fincke and Lonchakov are scheduled to launch to the station in the Soyuz TMA-13 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan in October for a six-month mission. Magnus is scheduled to join Expedition 18, replacing Chamitoff, as flight engineer after launching to the ISS on mission STS-126. Wakata is scheduled to join Expedition 18, replacing Magnus, as flight engineer after launching to the orbital complex on mission STS-119. | | ISS Expedition 19 | ISS Expedition 19  
Cosmonaut Gennady Padalka (center), Expedition 19 commander; NASA astronaut Michael Barratt (left) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Koichi Wakata, both flight engineers, take a break from training at NASA's Johnson Space Center to pose for a crew portrait. Padalka and Barratt are scheduled to launch to the International Space Station in the Soyuz TMA-14 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan in March 2009. Wakata will fly to the station on STS-119 and will serve as a flight engineer for Expeditions 18 and 19. 
Attired in Russian Sokol launch and entry suits, cosmonaut Gennady Padalka (center), Expedition 19/20 commander; astronaut Michael Barratt (right), Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; and U.S. spaceflight participant Charles Simonyi take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
Attired in Russian Sokol launch and entry suits, cosmonaut Gennady Padalka (left), Expedition 19/20 commander; astronaut Michael Barratt (right), Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; and U.S. spaceflight participant Charles Simonyi take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center | | ISS Expedition 20 | ISS Expedition 20 
The Expedition 20 patch symbolizes a new era in space exploration with the first six-person crew living and working onboard ISS and represents the significance of the ISS to the exploration goals of NASA and its international partners. The six gold stars signify the men and women of the crew. The astronaut symbol extends from the base of the patch to the star at the top to represent the international team, both on the ground and on orbit, that are working together to further our knowledge of living and working in space. The space station in the foreground represents where we are now and the important role it is playing towards meeting our exploration goals. The knowledge and expertise developed from these advancements will enable us to once again leave low earth orbit for the new challenges of establishing a permanent presence on the moon and then on to Mars. The blue, gray and red arcs represent our exploration goals as symbols of Earth, the moon and Mars. 
Expedition 20 crewmembers take a break from training at NASA's Johnson Space Center to pose for a crew portrait. From the left (front row) are European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne, Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander; cosmonaut Gennady Padalka, Expedition 19/20 commander; and cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, Expedition 20/21 flight engineer. From the left (back row) are Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk, Expedition 20/21 flight engineer; NASA astronauts Michael Barratt, Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; Nicole Stott, Expedition 20/21 flight engineer; Tim Kopra, Expedition 20 flight engineer; and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Koichi Wakata, 18/19/20 flight engineer. 
020-S-002A (31 Oct. 2008) --- Expedition 20 crewmembers take a break from training at NASA's Johnson Space Center to pose for a crew portrait. From the right (front row) are cosmonaut Gennady Padalka, Expedition 19/20 commander; and European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne, Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander. From the left (back row) are NASA astronaut Michael Barratt, Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk, Expedition 20/21 flight engineer; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Koichi Wakata, 18/19/20 flight engineer; and cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, Expedition 20/21 flight 
Attired in Russian Sokol launch and entry suits, cosmonaut Gennady Padalka (center), Expedition 19/20 commander; astronaut Michael Barratt (right), Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; and astronaut Tim Kopra, Expedition 20 flight engineer, take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
Cosmonaut Gennady Padalka (center), Expedition 19/20 commander; astronaut Michael Barratt (right), Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; and astronaut Tim Kopra, Expedition 20 flight engineer, take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
Future International Space Station crewmembers take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a group portrait. On the front row are cosmonaut Gennady Padalka (center), Expedition 19/20 commander; along with NASA astronauts Michael Barratt (right), Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; and Tim Kopra, Expedition 20 flight engineer. On the back row are European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne (center), Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander; along with Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk (left) and cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, both Expedition 20/21 flight engineers. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
Future International Space Station crewmembers take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a group portrait. On the front row are cosmonaut Gennady Padalka (center), Expedition 19/20 commander; along with NASA astronauts Michael Barratt, Expedition 19/20 flight engineer; and Nicole Stott, Expedition 20/21 flight engineer. On the back row are European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne (center), Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander; along with Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk (left) and cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, both Expedition 20/21 flight engineers. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Frank De Winne (center), Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander; cosmonaut Roman Romanenko and NASA astronaut Nicole Stott, both Expedition 20/21 flight engineers, take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Frank De Winne (center), Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander; cosmonaut Roman Romanenko and Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk, both Expedition 20/21 flight engineers, take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
Attired in Russian Sokol launch and entry suits, European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Frank De Winne (right), Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander; cosmonaut Roman Romanenko (center) and Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk, both Expedition 20/21 flight engineers, take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 
Attired in Russian Sokol launch and entry suits, European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Frank De Winne (right), Expedition 20 flight engineer and Expedition 21 commander; cosmonaut Roman Romanenko and NASA astronaut Nicole Stott, both Expedition 20/21 flight engineers, take a break from training in Star City, Russia to pose for a portrait. Photo credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center | | ISS Expedition 21 | ISS Expedition 21 
The central element of the patch is inspired by a fractal of six, symbolizing the teamwork of the six-person crew. From the basic element of one person, together six people form a much more complex and multifaceted entity, toward the infinity of the universe. The patch shows children, on Earth in the bright Sun, as our future and the reason we explore. The Soyuz and Shuttle are the vehicles that enable human space exploration today, while the International Space Station is leading to our next goals, the moon and Mars. The patch shape has six tips, geometrically sound yet reminiscent of a leaf, representing symmetry and ecological harmony, while the six stars in deep space represent the current crew and future exploration crews. 
This an informal portrait photographed shortly after the July 23 Expedition 21-22/Space Flight Participant press conference at the Johnson Space Center. From the left are spaceflight participant Guy Laliberte, astronaut Jeff Williams and Russian Federal Space Agency cosmonaut Maxim Suraev. 
Expedition 21 crew members take a break from training at NASA's Johnson Space Center to pose for a crew portrait. Pictured on the front row are European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne (left), commander; and Russian cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, flight engineer. Pictured on the back row (from the left) are NASA astronaut Jeffrey Williams, Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk and Russian cosmonaut Maxim Suraev, all flight engineers. 
Expedition 21 crew members take a break from training at NASA's Johnson Space Center to pose for a crew portrait. Pictured on the front row are European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne (center), commander; NASA astronaut Nicole Stott and Russian cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, both flight engineers. Pictured on the back row (from the left) are Russian cosmonaut Maxim Suraev, NASA astronaut Jeffrey Williams and Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk, all flight engineers. | | ISS Expedition 22 | 
The Expedition to the International Space Station is dedicated to the final stages of assembly and the transition to full utilization as an orbiting laboratory. The sun, providing power and life support to the space station, shines through one of the solar arrays as the ISS orbits above Earth. The oceans and atmosphere, providing life support to Earth, are shown in all their beauty. The moon hovers in the distance as the goal of the next era of exploration. The six stars illustrate the increased capability of the crew complement. In the border are the national flags of the crew members as well as their surnames in their native languages. Expedition XXII continues the effort to acquire the knowledge necessary to extend the reach of exploration from Earth, to the moon and beyond. The insignia design for ISS flights is reserved for use by the astronauts 
Expedition 22 crew members take a break from training at NASA's Johnson Space Center to pose for a crew portrait. From the left (front row) are NASA astronaut Jeffrey Williams, commander; and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, flight engineer. From the left (back row) are NASA astronaut T.J. Creamer, Russian cosmonaut Maxim Suraev and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Soichi Noguchi, all flight engineers.
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